COLT M16
The M16 (officially Rifle, Caliber 5.56 mm, M16) is the designation of the Armed Forces of the United States for the rifle AR-15. The Colt company purchased the AR-15's rights to Arma Lite and currently only uses that designation for semiautomatic versions of the rifle. The M16 fires the 5.56 x 45 NATO cartridge. It entered service with the United States Army and was deployed for the first time for the operations of the Vietnam War in South Vietnam in 1963, becoming the standard rifle of the American military forces in 1969, replacing in that paper the rifle M14. The United States Army maintained M14 service in the continental United States, Europe, and South Korea until 1970. Since the Vietnam War, the M16 family of rifles has been the main armament of the US military. The M16 has been widely adopted by armies around the world. The total production of M16 rifles from the beginning of its design is approximately 8 million, being the most produced weapon of its caliber. The M16 happened to be replaced in the Army of the United States by the carbine M4, that is a short version derived from the M16A2.
The M16 assault rifle is a militarized version of the AR-15 semi-automatic rifle and was a less caliber version of the AR-10 combat rifle, designed by Eugene Stoner. At first it encountered several obstacles on the part of the generals and personnel of the Agency of Investigation of Advanced Projects of Defense or DARPA, since they had preference for greater calibres, besides that it was the first assault rifle constructed with materials compounds (steel, aluminum and plastic). The AR-15 waited two years for it to finally be accepted into the Armed Forces; in a demonstration, General Curtis LeMay ordered 8500 AR-15 to defend air bases of the Strategic Air Command, however, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara revoked the order. This did not prevent US special operations units and advisers in Vietnam from obtaining AR-15 rifles. At the beginning of the Vietnam War acquired a bad reputation, because the Army, when it replaced the M14, did not distribute among the soldiers the cleaning equipment, since the manufacturer informed the Army that it was not necessary, and dirty weapons were constantly stuck , which for many in full combat was a sure vow to perdition. As time passed, cleaning equipment was delivered and the soldiers were instructed to use it, even if the case of Marines using toothbrushes was used to clean the debris and dirt inside their rifles, In the course of the conflict, more durable and durable versions were made.
The first models only had 20 cartridges, which was a disadvantage compared to the ironically older Soviet AK-47 and Type 56 Chinese rifles; In addition, they did not work well under humid conditions, at the most unforeseen moment could get stuck (and, in fact, used to), giving the user the need to shoot with his auxiliary weapon or another facilitated by his companions. The shape of the flame flames made it difficult to move in the jungle, since it was caught in the vegetation; these were some of the problems he had, getting to the point where many Marines sidelined their M16s and fought with captured enemy weapons (usually AK-47 based models). Currently the United States uses the M16A3 and M16A4, more modern than the M16A2, which was the improved version of the M16A1, with a number of features that make it an improved weapon, such as the new fade flames, reinforced and textured guardrail for greater grip on the part of the shooter, etc. Another novelty of the A2 version is that it can shoot in two ways, semi-automatic or in short burst (three shots); this is due to the difficulty of many soldiers to control the weapons when firing in automatic mode, since, in the nervousness of the combat, empty the loaders in few seconds. Although at present the M16A3 is the only one of the series that fires in automatic.
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